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Out to Lunch

#OutToLunch: Financial literacy critical for farmers if Uganda is to increase coffee exports

#OutToLunch: Financial literacy critical for farmers if Uganda is to increase coffee exports By Denis Jjuuko Coffee farmers are in a good place these days. Their good fortune is not abating any time soon with fair average quality prices for Robusta still selling above the Shs13,000 mark a kilogram. In July, Uganda exported coffee worth more than USD210 million. If this trend continues, Uganda will earn a whopping USD2.5 billion by the end of the financial year. There has never been a better time to be a coffee farmer. But like all good things, there is a need to manage them. We recently heard a Member of Parliament from greater Masaka, a center of coffee growing in the country, crying out that prostitutes had invaded her area. The area is predominantly rural, where you would not easily expect to find them. The MP said that some coffee farmers, mainly men, had even lost their lives to these ‘invaders.’ The ladies of the night wanted some of this coffee money and they were keen on getting it willy-nilly. It isn’t just people peddling their flesh though responsible for some of these deaths, thieves had also attacked some people who had just sold their coffee. Although security agencies can easily deal with thieves, the challenge of how people manage their newly acquired wealth is always a challenge that needs to be addressed urgently. In Kalangala, at the onset of oil palm growing, farmers faced similar challenges. So this isn’t something that is new. When the campaign to grow coffee in Buganda started in 2016, the fair average quality price for Robusta was Shs5,000 on average. It was considered a good price prompting many people to heed the message being offered by the Kingdom of Buganda to grow coffee through their Mmwanyi Terimba campaign. The price is almost three times now, beating any commercial forecasts that may have been used to push the campaign. Although costs of inputs such as fertilizers and labour have increased over the last eight years, the money farmers are getting is still good. Many farmers are turning a profit. Even those who are not, when they sell their beans, they receive a substantial amount of money for their harvests. Many such farmers have improved their lives. Better houses are being built. Others are changing the types of roofs on their houses and others are expanding them. For many, school fees for their children won’t be a bother anymore (even though some parents have reportedly stopped their children from attending school so they work as labourers). Some have diversified their incomes, starting wholesale and retail shops. And like many Ugandans, some farmers have built rentals to earn that passive income. To ease their transport, they have bought bodas bodas and some pick up trucks. The infrastructure to dry the coffee has also improved. Even with all those investments, coffee farmers are largely still cash liquid. And many lack the skills to manage ‘huge’ sums of money. That is why the MP I mentioned earlier was appealing that prostitutes that had invaded her constituency be roughed up and sent back to the city, where they had come from. That would not solve the problem though. The farmer can simply jump on their newly acquired Bajaj and drive to the city a few kilometres away and “misbehave.” By the time they return to their farms, they would not have money to buy fertilizers and other inputs. The farms would then collapse. It is not one way though. Women with increased incomes could also, like men, abandon their roles of being mothers and wives leading to broken families. However, these may not be as many as men since men overwhelmingly own the means of production. Like all people experiencing a huge somewhat sudden surge in their incomes, there is a need to educate them on how to handle their newly acquired wealth. Financial literacy is largely lacking among some of the farmers yet there is no guarantee the prices will remain this high. The yields may also not always be high especially in these days of fluctuating weather patterns. Farmers need to manage their money better so that they can use the opportunity of these prices to create lasting wealth not just for themselves but also for the generations after them. The Uganda Coffee Development Authority could do this while partnering with other interested parties like the Kingdom of Buganda in the central region and financial institutions among others. The farmers can also collectively use the money to add value to coffee by owning milling plants, roasters or acquiring some of the assets in the coffee value chain. The writer is a communication and visibility consultant. djjuuko@gmail.com

October 21, 2024

Out to Lunch

#OutToLunch: Irrigation, desilting could solve Ntoroko and Kasese flooding

#OutToLunch: Irrigation, desilting could solve Ntoroko and Kasese flooding By Denis Jjuuko Some parts of Uganda have started experiencing harsh weather events. Flooding is one of them. In the last few weeks, rivers Nyamwamba in Kasese and Semiliki in Ntoroko have burst their banks leading to flooding. The latest incident in Ntoroko displaced more than 24,000 people, submerged 11 schools thereby affecting more than 4,000 learners. Ntoroko leaders say that this is the worst flooding in more than 50 years. The flooding took place in late August after torrential rains in the nearby Democratic Republic of Congo. The rains in Ntoroko are expected between September and November and the place is already flooded! What will happen when the Ntoroko rains start falling? More people will be displaced. Ntoroko is such a low-lying area surrounded by the Rwenzori Mountain ranges, River Semiliki and Lake Albert. Rains in the DRC lead to rising water levels in Lake Albert and River Semiliki hence flooding that not only destroys people’s houses but also entire livelihoods. The people of Ntoroko have three major economic activities — farming, fishing and cattle keeping. The floods affect all those activities. Food gardens and pastures get submerged while roads are cut off. The people then start relying on donated food to survive while living in internally displaced people’s camps. The flooding in Ntoroko is not out of the blue. Given its terrain, flooding is always expected and has intensified since 2019. Nyamwamba in Kasese has been causing havoc for a long time. Some people who claim to know these things say that both Semiliki and Nyamwamba are so silted that the only result is flooding. Although I was in Ntoroko a week ago, I didn’t manage to visit Semiliki but for Nyamwamba, they have a point. Nyamwamba carries big boulders from the mountains into its path. Previously, after it had rained, tractors would remove these boulders so that whenever it rained again in the mountains, there would be space for water and other boulders. Probably this explains why facilities such as Kilembe hospital and residences were built so close to River Nyamwamba. The river was never a threat. People knew what to do. When I was in Kilembe last year, many boulders were not being removed from the river’s path. Given the neglect, Nyamwamba had to find its way. The end result is people losing their lives and properties. Some people will blame it on climate change. The real reason is that we forgot the basics — something as mundane as having a tractor removing the boulders from the river’s path! Most of the disasters affecting our people can be solved. In Ntoroko, flooding is always followed by a prolonged severe drought from December until the next rains around March. The price of a cow during this period falls by 90% if a farmer is lucky to find a buyer. The main reason is because of lack of water and pasture. In a place that was flooding a month or so before. With schools submerged, children are likely to abandon their education and resort to other activities like fishing immature fish. The girls will be married off before they even experience their first menstrual cycle. I heard that those who aren’t being married off are instead being booked by parents and guardians eager to earn a small fee that wouldn’t even enable them to buy a scraggy cow. How difficult is it to dig up valley dams? How difficult is it to create an irrigation scheme so that livelihoods are not lost during the dry season? This would also ensure that kids are kept in school instead of fishing in dangerously rising waters or becoming mothers and wives before age. Money spent on infrastructure like roads, schools and health facilities is always lost due to flooding. Yet there are sustainable measures that the government can put in place to solve these challenges. Some of these measures can be implemented by the communities themselves. Others through entrepreneurship. People who own thousands of heads of cattle need technical advice to find sustainable solutions. And we can also learn from Egypt, a desert that supplies our markets with fruits that we have failed to grow. If you buy oranges from supermarkets, they are probably imported from Egypt that gets its water from the Nile for irrigation. They built the delta barrage that has saved them from flooding while using that water for irrigating their crops. And the delta barrage was constructed nearly 200 years ago. In the 21st century, we should be solving some of these challenges. The writer is a communication and visibility consultant. djjuuko@gmail.com

October 21, 2024

Out to Lunch

#OutToLunch: Karuma bridge should be rebuilt with tourism in mind

#OutToLunch: Karuma bridge should be rebuilt with tourism in mind By Denis Jjuuko As you read this, the main bridge to northern Uganda has been closed to pave way for repairs. The authority responsible says that they need three months of zero disturbances from vehicular traffic. For some time, the bridge has only been accessible by small vehicles with trucks and buses diverted to other routes. Originally constructed in 1963, the Karuma bridge has since outlived its purpose. It is too narrow for today’s traffic to the region and neighboring South Sudan and Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC). Access to the bridge is through winding corners, which could explain why some vehicles have in the past plunged into the river killing many people. The long-term plan for Karuma should be a replacement bridge like what happened in Jinja over the same River Nile. However, Karuma should be different. Recently, King Mswati III of Eswatini was in the country and stopped by the Jinja Nile bridge to take in the beauty of the majestic river and some photos. The bridge design doesn’t seem to have been fully planned for tourism. There was supposed to be a small restaurant on the bridge, a very small car parking area and what looks like a pathway people could stand. Nothing really much. The restaurant has never been opened and hardly anyone stops to take in photos or view the imposing Nile. Like Karuma, the meanest soldiers are usually seen patrolling the bridges. Photography is not even easily permitted. I don’t know if this is to protect them from terrorists but any serious terrorist doesn’t need some photo taken on a smartphone to blow up a bridge. The Jinja bridge is a landmark structure that could have brought in a lot of money if we had not, as usual, missed the chance. Some thinking was needed to turn it into a tourist attraction and not just as a bridge that eases traffic. In many global cities that attract thousands of tourists, such bridges are planned with an eye on tourism. High-altitude walking ways that provide sightseeing are common. Towers with telescopes from which people could view the Nile snaking into Kayunga and beyond would have created magic. Right now, all we offer for anyone who wants to explore the Nile in Jinja is largely a canoe that takes you to the point that is marked the Source of the River Nile. There is no proper marina, accessing the canoes is through a jungle of wooden dilapidated curio shops that make the entire place look like a slum. I don’t know how many tourists want to experience that. Imagine ziplining on the Nile in Jinja for those who love adventure or sightseeing through a cable car. People would be lining up from all over the world to experience this. A proper restaurant that enables you to experience the Nile. I believe many young people would be proposing marriage here. Karuma is even more beautiful than Jinja and could offer more. Imagine walking over a glass bridge that gives you a 360-degree view of the water falls? Imagine a sightseeing elevator that enables you to see River Nile cutting through the thick vegetation of the Murchison Falls National Park? And maybe even catch a few animals in the distance. The Karuma 600MW power dam would even add more attractions to this area and most importantly the electricity required to power cable cars and sightseeing towers and elevators. We know that we now generate more electricity than we consume. It is stuff like these that will enable us consume that electricity while creating millions of sustainable jobs. We are struggling to build another bridge at Katonga on the highway to Masaka, Tanzania, Rwanda and DRC. The NRM claims to have fond memories of Katonga given the battle that eventually led them to capture power in 1986. They went around at one stage and installed an ugly billboard that featured the late Muamar Gaddafi of Libya. Tired of its ugliness and lack of imagination, the termites ate it away! Then the Katonga bridge collapsed. It has been a few years of a temporary bridge since. What about building an iconic bridge with a museum that tells that Katonga battle? Add in the legends of River Katonga from the Baganda who have lived there for hundreds of years and you have a sellable product to international tourists. The guys at the Uganda National Roads Authority and other ministries and agencies particularly responsible for tourism need to work together to see how they can make bridges attract tourists. Money should not be a problem. They can ask Bank of Uganda to issue a bridge bond. It would be oversubscribed. The writer is a communication and visibility consultant. djjuuko@gmail.com

October 21, 2024

Out to Lunch

#OutToLunch: A mere change of guards won’t transform Kampala city

#OutToLunch: A mere change of guards won’t transform Kampala city By Denis Jjuuko If you have been to Kampala, you may have seen cows strolling on the streets. Sometimes, you may have seen them chilling on the pedestrian overpass on the Kampala Northern Bypass. Cows, apparently, know how to scale the stairs. Makeshift markets are set up on the streets every day, selling all sorts of things including foodstuffs leaving garbage everywhere. Boda Bodas, the notorious motorcycle taxis in Kampala, move at high speeds from all sorts of directions. Kampala is one of the cities you look left, right, left, right and left again several times before crossing a one-way street! You simply don’t know where a boda boda will come from. And they will hull insults at you should you look at them sternly. If you are unlucky, like my friend, you will knock one or two around Mulago as you drive to your office. If it is not cows suddenly trying to cross the road, it is a stray dog sniffing a rotting piece of meat a mile away. At signalized traffic junctions, when lights turn red, they instead rev up their motorbikes. The traffic police look on haplessly. Passengers have no helmets. Riders hung the helmet somewhere at the front of the bike. The national referral hospital ends up with many broken limbs and crushed skulls. Government prefers to treat them than preventing the accidents! Living in a third world can be strange. Uganda’s economy is mainly based in Kampala and makes losses of approximately US$800m or Shs3 trillion a year in gross domestic product according to the World Bank. KCCA itself carries this unwanted statistic on its website. The reason is traffic congestion. Kiira Motors has buses that can solve this problem easily. But we fear to annoy the taxiprenuers and their backers. We can’t inform and support them to transition. We can’t ban street parking on Kampala Road to create a bus lane. We are happy to collect a paltry Shs2,000 an hour while losing Shs3 trillion. We are that strange. Anyway, perhaps aware of how bad Kampala is managed, the president decided to do something by sacking the Kampala Capital City Authority (KCCA) executive director and her deputy. The news didn’t surprise anyone who has ever been to Uganda’s capital. Some of her workers, the ladies who try to clean the streets, threw a party and this time sweated under the midday sun celebrating her sacking. They claim she hadn’t paid them for months. The official reason for her sacking is the collapse of the Kiteezi garbage landfill that killed dozens of people in August. Yet it isn’t just Kiteezi. The roads, if you can call them that, are deeply potholed sending motorists to garages on a daily to replace suspension parts and other stuff. The air pollution is responsible for the ever-increasing respiratory diseases. Thieves surround you at midday and beat the hell out of you so they can take your fourth-hand Chinese phone. They know nobody will do anything to them. In the endless traffic jams, guys majestically walk looking at who is driving with windows down or checking who forgot to central lock the car doors. They open and take a phone or handbag. They don’t even run. They majestically walk. They know nobody will do anything to them. Others start removing side mirrors, car emblems and anything removable from the car. They even show it to you and inform you that they have taken it but you can buy it back from Kisekka Market an hour or so later. If the thieves who remove the parts are unknown, what about the shops that sell the stolen parts? They remain untouchable. They even pay a trading license to sell stolen car parts. What a city to live in! But the problems of Kampala can’t be just blamed on the executive team alone tasked to manage the city. Sometimes I sympathize with them. If you go to City Hall (somebody called it City Hole), you will see falling ceilings in some offices or those which have fully fallen off. You will see paper files everywhere on desks of officers (watch the hand over clips of the sacked officers). Yet on social media you will read about Kampala being a smart city. Whatever that means. You can’t have a smart city when desks of officers are full of paper files. You won’t have smooth roads when the officer responsible sits under a falling ceiling. Anyway, Kampala died. It needs to resurrect. Government must put in the money while hiring technical people who have the skills and mettle to run a sprawling emerging city. The Kampalans must adhere to living in the city. Some force may be required. If your cows are seen walking along Acacia Avenue, they should be slaughtered and meat distributed to people there. The herders will find suitable pasture in Nakasongola. If they know nothing will be done, they will continue keeping them in the city. A functional capital city is possible but the national government must do its job. A mere change of guards won’t do. All government agencies must be deliberate about Kampala’s transformation. The writer is a communication and visibility consultant. djjuuko@gmail.com

October 21, 2024

Out to Lunch

#OutToLunch: What Africa must do in the next 60 years of independence

#OutToLunch: What Africa must do in the next 60 years of independence By Denis Jjuuko Many African countries have clocked 60 years since they became independent from the colonizers. Last week, Uganda marked its 62nd anniversary. The anniversary came at a critical time when a government agency revealed that at least Shs25 billion or approximately US$6.7m is lost to corruption daily. I think the richest countries in the world are in Africa. Imagine losing US$6.7m a day and we still exist. The figure may not even be accurate. Government agencies tend to be conservative when revealing these things. Anyway, the majority of African leaders spend half their time blaming colonialists and western powers while accepting every invitation to the White House, 10 Downing Street and the Elysée Palace. Their public relations handlers and influencers even brag about such invitations. Photos in the White House are shared with glee. On return, they tell us the reason why we are poor is because of western powers and vow to fight and defeat them. The African masses, eager to attend the rallies, so that they can get their once in a year doze of protein from the meat being served, clap, clench their fist and vow to fight back. In the presidential mansions, the Africans tell their western counterparts, that whatever they said was just “managing politics.” They seek for another invitation to Washington, London and Paris. How can Africans manage the next 60 years of their independence? At least by not spending half their time blaming the westerners. Africa was not the only colonized continent. The British, for example, colonized many parts of Asia and Middle East. How did some countries in Asia and the Gulf managed to develop, some in a little time than Africa? Take the example of the United Arab Emirates, it only became independent in 1971, a decade after most African countries had become independent. They were a barren desert. Today, Africans go there for honeymoon, medical treatment, university education and some even invest in properties there. The simplistic story is that UAE had oil. But it isn’t the only one with oil. Libya, Sudan, Nigeria, and Angola among others have oil. The countries mentioned above also have access to the sea just like the UAE. However, the African countries had even more favorable weather than the harshness of the Dubai or Abu Dhabi deserts. But today, Africa almost has no single city that is at the level of Dubai. South African cities are deteriorating at the speed of a rocket. If the British, French and Americans sabotage Africa like African leaders and intellectuals always claim, how come they didn’t do that to the Asians and countries like UAE? They were still interested in oil in UAE. They were still interested in access to the sea as they are today. If African leaders wished to develop their countries, I believe they would without anyone in the west stopping them. Does the west, for example, stop any African city from finding solutions to their garbage problem? I believe many western powers would actually want their businesses to invest in solving the garbage issue so that they can make money out of it. Does a western power tell a procurement officer to give a contract to the most incompetent company to construct a road? Most road projects, for example, in Uganda are so small for any western power to get utterly interested. I mean, if you are constructing a 21km four lane northern bypass worth a few million dollars, why would the west be so interested in stopping it? The other day, I saw a road agency happy to report that they will construct 6km a year of an expressway. Imagine just 6km a year of a four-lane road! Now, imagine if the country had more ambitious projects, how long would they take to achieve them? African leaders are these days summoned to every Asian capital for some African Summit. The other day I saw poor Indonesia summoning them and they all went or sent their deputies. What is in Jakarta that Africans can’t do? Ok, if they go there, what do they learn? How has Indonesia managed to ‘develop’ that it can now summon African presidents to go for a summit? And when they return what can they do so the countries can develop? In the next 60 years, Africa must be deliberate to write a new chapter. The colonialism and neocolonialism rhetoric has run its course. There are 1.4 billion people in Africa. They need to see a continent that works for them, not one that talks about issues of the past 60 years. it is time to create an enabling environment that enables Africans to thrive. The writer is a communication and visibility consultant. djjuuko@gmail.com

October 21, 2024

Out to Lunch

OutToLunch: China Town: Protectionism and partnerships critical for African economies

OutToLunch: China Town: Protectionism and partnerships critical for African economies By Denis Jjuuko China Town, a retail shop, in Lugogo without placing a single advert became the talk of town providing invaluable lessons for advertising and marketing executives. Shoppers looking for bargain deals claimed to have queued up from morning and left when the shop closed without having even stepped into the store. In March 2023, I wrote about China Square in Nairobi that was giving Kenyan traders sleepless nights while making consumers happy. Obviously, we may not have paid attention as a country until a company with a similar name showed up. I have heard that they are similar China something everywhere on the continent, selling stuff at laughable prices. At 1.4 billion people, Africa has a huge population that needs goods and services and even though it is the poorest continent, the volumes businesses can push cannot be entirely ignored. That is why retailers like China Town, China Square, China Mall and a plethora of others are here. Their model is the same—lower prices than elsewhere. I hope that they are selling high quality goods that have passed the tests of Uganda National Bureau of Standards (UNBS). Many traders are worried that their business models are being disrupted and their enterprises will collapse. They claim that they can’t compete anymore. That could be true. The Chinese are probably enjoying incentives from their home governments. The more products sold in consumer markets; the more days factories remain open in the producer markets. The more days factories remain open, the more people remain employed. The more taxes governments in producer markets earn. And the entire value chain is huge. Of course, these shops may not always sell imported products. Some may be locally made. The owners of such shops may approach manufacturers and sign contracts that give them lots of stuff in bulk at low rates. If a manufacturer is guaranteed a market at a certain price, they can be able to supply and remain in business. With better experiences, technologies, capital, systems and structures, these retailers may become very hard for local businesses to compete. So what countries usually do is that they decide to protect their businesses. The Americans have imposed high taxes on electric vehicles not made in the US because they know that Chinese automakers would make the likes of Tesla collapse or see a significant chunk of their revenue shrink. They have also imposed bans on some Chinese smartphones like Huawei. They have been toying with the idea of banning TikTok, the popular addictive video streaming app. The Chinese also banned American apps, which enabled their messaging apps like WeChat and Weibo become so big in China. The Europeans do the same. They have provided huge subsidies for their agricultural sector. In France, if you own a cow, you get an annual subsidy of EUR280 (Shs1.16m) annually. If you add in subsidies on land and other incentives, the farmer is in business. That also means that a farmer elsewhere can’t easily penetrate that market. There are also restrictions on importing beef and dairy products. In Africa, South Africa has some of the continent’s biggest assembling plants for cars. To protect them, South Africa doesn’t allow the importation of vehicles at their end of life from Japan or elsewhere. In fact, they don’t allow you to import any used vehicles. You can only import a brand new car which is not made in South Africa. Basically, you can only import Ferraris, Lamborghinis, Rolls Royces and such other luxury brands. They impose hefty import duties on them as well. They know that if they allow anyone to import any car they want, the auto industry will die. Uganda needs to put in place some protection policies and implement them. If Kiira Motors is making buses in Jinja, then they should not allow the importation of buses from anywhere else. You either buy the bus made in Uganda or forget about it. If there are people making household electronics in Kampala’s industrial area or Kapeeka, then others should not be imported. That way the guy who set up his plant can keep their factory open. Of course, UNBS would have to double down on its quality inspection protocols so that they ensure that only products of highest standards are made and supplied. Government would have to nip corruption in the bud for this to take place. However, in a globalized world, foreign investment cannot be fully eliminated especially in poor and transitioning economies. Global retailers and businesses would have to set up shop. Ensure that these global businesses are in partnership with local entrepreneurs that way they can learn a thing or two and will remain even if the foreigner decides to go. There will also be some capital that won’t be evacuated. The writer is a communication and visibility consultant. djjuuko@gmail.com

September 18, 2024

Digitalization

ILO HANDS OVER KEY ITEMS TO ADVANCE LABOUR JUSTICE, DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION, AND STRENGTHEN WORKERS’ RIGHTS IN UGANDA

The International Labour Organization (ILO) has today, Friday, 13 September 2024, held a significant handover ceremony at its headquarters in Kampala, marking a major milestone in Uganda’s journey toward digital transformation in labour justice and the strengthening of workers’ rights. The event, presided over by Ms. Caroline Khamati Mugalla, Director of the ILO Country Office for the United Republic of Tanzania, Burundi, Kenya, Rwanda, and Uganda, marked the official handover of key items from various ILO projects aimed at enhancing Uganda’s labour sector. The Items included; a vehicle, tablet computers, Logistics Management Information Systems (LMIS) Servers, and copies of the 7th Edition of Laws Compendium of Uganda. This handover represents a critical step toward ensuring that all workers in Uganda, including the most vulnerable, can access swift and just resolution of labour disputes. “The ILO remains committed to strengthening the systems that uphold workers’ rights and ensuring that we empower national institutions to deliver justice more effectively,” says Khamati Mugalla. Digitalization of the Industrial Court, by the ILO PROSPECTS Project As part of the ILO PROSPECTS project promoting refugee and host community livelihoods, the Industrial Court of Uganda is undergoing a comprehensive digital transformation to enhance efficiency and access to justice for both refugees and host communities. The initiative aims to modernize the court’s operations and address longstanding challenges, ensuring swifter and more transparent resolution of labour disputes. The handover included the provision of notetaking computer tablets to key judicial officers and panelists representing workers and employers, facilitating improved court sessions. Hon. Justice Linda Lillian Tumusiime Mugisha, Ag. Head Judge, Industrial Court, expressed optimism that the digital tools received will significantly enhance the court’s ability to process and resolve cases in a timely, fair, and transparent manner. Moreover, efforts are underway to implement technological upgrades based on a comprehensive assessment of the court’s digital limitations. The ongoing digitalization process is currently focusing on key court halls in Kampala, Mbarara, and Lira, with the goal of reducing case backlogs, streamlining legal research, and enhancing the efficiency of the judicial process. Legal Compendium for the Industrial Court, by the ILO CAPSA Project The ILO, through the CAPSA project, provided the Industrial Court with the newly revised 7th edition of Uganda’s consolidated laws. These legal resources are vital in ensuring that the court’s decisions are accurate, credible, and based on the most current legal frameworks. This initiative is expected to significantly improve the court’s ability to process cases and promote a more transparent and fair legal process for both employers and employees. “These updated legal resources will be instrumental in ensuring that the decisions made by the Industrial Court are both efficient and credible. The consolidated laws allow our judicial officers to work with the most up-to-date information, eliminating delays caused by outdated references,” says Hon. Justice Linda Lillian Tumusiime Mugisha. Labour Management Information Systems (LMIS) Digitalization, by the ILO Better Regional Migration Management (BRMM) Project In collaboration with the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO), the ILO is supporting the Better Regional Migration Management (BRMM) project, which seeks to strengthen the capacities of countries in East and Horn of Africa to govern labour migration through evidence-based policies. The BRMM project in Uganda is focused on developing a Labour Management Information System (LMIS) to enhance the governance of labour migration and improve migrant workers’ qualifications and skills while engaging social partners. “The new LMIS servers will transform how we collect, manage, and analyze labour market data. This will not only benefit the Ministry but also all stakeholders in Uganda’s labour sector, as we can now deliver more responsive and evidence-based services to employers and workers,” says Aggrey Kibenge, Permanent Secretary, Ministry of Gender Labour and Social Development. The ILO’s initiatives in Uganda align with the organization’s broader commitment to promoting decent work and ensuring that workers, including those in vulnerable situations, have access to fair and timely labour justice. Vehicle to Support Workers’ Rights Advocacy across Uganda: In addition to the digital equipment and compendium, ILO handed over a vehicle to the National Organization of Trade Unions (NOTU) to support their operational capacity. This vehicle will enable NOTU to expand its outreach efforts and continue advocating for workers’ rights across Uganda. ILO and NOTU have a longstanding partnership, working together to protect and promote the rights of workers in Uganda, particularly those in the informal sector. The provision of this vehicle underscores the ILO’s commitment to strengthening institutions that advocate for decent work and workers’ protection in the country. The vehicle was received by Richard Bigirwa, the NOTU ,Secretary-General. “With this support from the ILO, we are now in a stronger position to reach more workers across the country and ensure that their rights are protected. This vehicle will help us to extend our efforts in promoting fair labour practices in even the most remote areas,” says Bigirwa The handover ceremony marked a critical moment in Uganda’s journey toward enhancing labour justice and strengthening workers’ rights. By providing digital tools, legal resources, and operational support, the ILO is helping to create a more efficient, transparent, and fair labour system that benefits all workers, including refugees and those in the gig economy.

September 18, 2024

Out to Lunch

#OutToLunch: Incentives could further switch on West Nile for investment

OutToLunch: Incentives could further switch on West Nile for investment By Denis Jjuuko On my first visit to Arua in West Nile, many years ago, my colleagues and I decided to unwind by visiting a nightclub or something similar to it. We were young and free. We had made the long trip from Kampala, rested a bit and decided to indulge in the night, enjoy some Lingala and whatever a bustling border town has got to offer. I had seen a huge electricity generator station by the roadside, a few minutes to Arua town but hadn’t paid much attention to it. I had also not done much research about the city’s night life. It was one of those days you jump into a car, drive to a town, get some accommodation and you are ready to go. A journey to discover the unknown. Some people call it adventure. In the nightclub, I noticed something strange. As a self-confessed nocturnal at the time, I had been a ‘happening’ boy by some lousy standards. I had also worked in journalism and the entertainment sector had been part of my beat. At university, I had enjoyed the exuberance of youth through clubbing. Nightclubs, therefore, were not strange to me. In Arua, at that nightclub, everyone had a torch. If you are considered old in Uganda, you remember the silver metallic ones with a red button on the side. Those were for the sophisticated ones. Those who lacked means had plastic ones. The only revelers who didn’t have either a plastic or silver metallic torch, were my colleagues and I. The majority of the people pulling all dance strokes on Lingala music were partly ‘giving us the eye.’ Like in most places, you could tell that people realize you are a foreigner. You don’t understand the rules. I became more cautious and decided not to indulge much and be more of a casual observer, with one eye on the exit door. Sooner than later, I realized why everyone who knew Arua well had a torch. At the peak of people’s enjoyment, electricity was switched off. The entire town went dark and quieter than a cemetery! Again, if you are considered old in Uganda, loadshedding is not something new to you. Electricity was always shared. If you had power today, you didn’t have it tomorrow. Rationing. But loadshedding in most parts of Uganda at the time meant power was switched off in the early evening around 6.00pm and switched back on around 10.00pm. In Arua, power was being switched off after 10.00pm. Strange loadshedding. Once power went off, the nightclub didn’t have a generator powerful enough to enable the rotating multicolor disco lights to be switched on. The nightclub’s standby generator was only big enough to power the sound system. That is why the revelers had torches. They switched them on. Some pressed the red button on the switches which made the torches provide a blinkering light. Others tied them on their waists. As they pulled those rare dancing strokes that are synonymous with Congolese across the border, they provided a spectacular experience akin to that of customized dazzling disco lights. What a spectacle! The ingenuity of the West Nilers. I have made hundreds of trips to Arua since that night and definitely power had become a bit reliable. But it is only the other week that West Nile was switched to the national electricity grid. It is a remarkable achievement or a shame that it has taken this long depending on how you look at it. The region has unbelievable potential given its location at the borders of both the Democratic Republic of Congo (DRC) and South Sudan, some of Uganda’s biggest trading partners. Both countries are expansive and a big chunk of their populations rely on cities like Arua as the source of their goods and services. I learnt that some of those guys who were rivaling Congolese dancers in that nightclub were actually Congolese who cross the border to enjoy life. Anyway, both countries also suffer regular insecurity which means investors will always keep away apart from those exploiting the countries’ massive natural resources. But the investors could not set up businesses such as factories in Arua, to supply West Nile, DRC and South Sudan and beyond. They would rather set up in Kampala or Jinja where electricity was not such a big challenge. Yet if they set up in West Nile, they would be nearer to the market. Lack of electricity was always the challenge. Now that the problem is sorted, West Nile’s potential should now be fully exploited. West Nile is also very diverse with many different cultures, which can be a bedrock for non-animalized tourism. Even the alleged world’s smallest church is in West Nile! Nang Nang, perhaps the world’s tastiest fish is available in basketfuls. The River Nile cuts through the region, providing near perfect locations for riverside resorts and water sports. Land is still relatively affordable and fertile and some of the major towns are being connected by bituminous standard roads. Small planes can land in Arua. For those who love animals, Murchison National Park is partly in the region. Affordable trainable labour is in abundance. Electricity also means companies like Kiira Motors can now set up shop for electric buses. Or investors can think of electric vehicle chargers. An electric bus trip from Kampala to Arua would cut the cost by more than 50%. Major urban centres like Arua being border towns have populations with some bit of disposable income. But investors will need to be mobilized and incentivized so that they can set up shop. For those responsible for the country’s development, their work is now well cut out. Those selling torches, if they still existed, will have to pivot. The writer is a communication and visibility consultant. djjuuko@gmail.com

August 14, 2024

Out to Lunch

#OutToLunch: Coffee export good but protect farmers by consuming some of it locally

By Denis Jjuuko For a few years, coffee prices have been rising greatly crossing the Shs13,000 per kilo mark for the fair average quality or what is known as kase thereby turning many farmers into millionaires. Some of them instantly. The price of Robusta over the last few months has been almost the same as Arabica that usually grows on higher altitudes. Driving through some villages in Masaka recently, you hardly found a courtyard where coffee was not being dried. And almost everyone dried the coffee on tarpaulins instead of the bare ground of yonder. This obviously means a better-quality product and the fact that people are adhering to the messages being given to them. Farmers are also planting improved varieties and applying better farming methods all of which are leading to an improved end product that is demanded across the world. In the just concluded financial year, Uganda exported 6.13 million bags (60kg each) of coffee earning an unprecedented USD1.144 billion, an increment of 6.33% in volume and 35.29% in revenue compared to the previous year. The higher prices have been attributed to improved quality and quantity but also demand in the destination markets where coffee is consumed. Although there might be other reasons such increased local consumption in larger exporting countries like Brazil and weather fluctuations in Vietnam, and a changing environment in Europe starting in January 2025 leading to stock ups. Europe says it will only be buying coffee which is traced to farms that have not been set up after destroying forests. Most Ugandan coffee farmers are small and do so on small pieces of land and therefore no forests have been destroyed, which means the demand for our coffee in European markets should continue. Although farmers are experiencing the highest prices in 30 years, the vulnerabilities still exist and therefore Uganda’s focus should not be entirely on exports that is targeting the 20m bags annually. Local consumption is equally important. In Ethiopia, Africa’s largest coffee producer, 60% of the harvests are consumed at home. The data may be hard to come up with but imagine how many meetings especially in government ministries, departments and agencies take place on a daily basis. They must be hundreds of them. Many of them have some coffee and tea for the people to enjoy. Many officials in government have flasks of coffee and tea beside their office desks and it is not uncommon to find a few government workers enjoying breakfast or a mid-morning snack complete with a hot cup of beverages. Now, imagine if they all were drinking Ugandan coffee! How much money would the government be spending? How much money would the farmers and roasters be earning? Many times, the coffee people drink is imported instant coffees. At workshops in many hotels, imported instant coffees rule the day sometimes serving hundreds of people attending conferences and workshops. Private companies and development partners are not exceptional. In a country that is a major producer of coffee! I don’t know whether the preference of instant coffees is strategic where we prefer to export raw coffee so we can important instant ones or it is one of those things we have not clearly thought about. Should we consume some of the coffee we grow here or we should focus on exporting it only? There is no guarantee that the current prices will remain as high as they are today and if we only focus on exports, farmers at one stage may become delusional and abandon it like they did years ago. To avoid this risk, there must be ways to promote its consumption locally not through fictious campaigns that teach people how to drink coffee but through a well thought out campaign. A campaign that gets implemented. A campaign that is implemented by people that are trusted. In the central region for example, Buganda Kingdom pushed these boundaries earlier through their Mmwanyi Terimba campaign, distributing seedlings and the Katikkiro making endless drives to the expansive kingdom to see whether the people were growing coffee. The results can be seen by even a suckling baby. Government can start with its offices. Procurement officers, administrators and whoever is responsible for purchasing coffee should be aligned to the fact that charity begins at home. That they can’t be singing value addition while importing something as easy to make as coffee. Then private companies and development partners can be encouraged to go locally roasted coffee. Tax incentives could be given. This doesn’t mean that we abandon the 20 million bags target rather we do both. Improved quality and quantity would ensure that we can go ahead and get nearer to the 20 million bags target while a significant chunk is consumed at home. The writer is communication and visibility consultant. djjuuko@gmail.com

August 8, 2024

Out to Lunch

#OutToLunch: School trips to Dubai good but parents should manage their children’s expectations

By Denis Jjuuko One night many years ago, I tried sleeping and failed. I think, like other kids, I was anxious. I kept staring in the dark, wondering when day would break. The night seemed longer than usual. Eventually, it was time to “wake up.” Time to dress up and embark on this dream journey that I and believe many other kids had been looking forward to. The school had organized a tour of a few “attractions” in and around Kampala over a few days. We jumped in a Mercedes Benz bus, the size of today’s coasters, all smartly dressed and made our way to Kampala from Masaka. Our first stop if I recall correctly was Mukwano Industries. On arrival, we were taken onto a guided tour, climbing up metal stairs to see the huge boilers that mixed liquids that turned into bar soap. Mesmerizing. The next stops were even more interesting because at least we would be able to consume some of the products being made — soda and bread. We wondered why Mukwano didn’t give us soap, didn’t they think we also wash clothes or bathe? Anyway, we moved on to Entebbe International Airport, climbed up to the first or second floor from where we saw planes on the tarmac. This wasn’t as exciting as the trip to the factories. I had been here before while escorting or welcoming back one of my relatives, a frequent traveler to Europe but to many other kids, this was the pinnacle of their trip. Realizing that planes are not as small as what they see when they are flying over at 30,000 feet above sea level. We returned to tell stories to the kids who didn’t make the trip and of course our parents and guardians. I think this is one of the reasons I am a big fan of factories and seeing things being made. Although I am not overly enthusiastic about traveling, I think it is a good thing that exposes a person to the world unknown to them. I thank my parents, guardians or whoever paid for that trip. Of recent, some Kampala schools have outgrown taking kids to Freedom City, Garden City and any other building bearing the word city on its façade and started organizing trips to Nairobi, Mombasa, Johannesburg, Dubai and European countries. Last weekend, such a memo trended on social media and people wondered why should schools organize such trips. People argued that those who wouldn’t make the trip will feel left out and their mental wellbeing could be affected. That could easily be the case but there are many things that can affect a child’s mental wellbeing. A better school bag or pair of shoes or even a watch. Regularly, my children come home and ask for certain things. Stuff they have seen with their colleagues at school or even cousins. Apple watches, tablet computers, wheelable school bags, water bottles and every little thing that catches their fancy. Sometimes on the road, whenever they see a nice car, they ask me to buy one like that. On visits to relatives or friends, they sometimes demand that I convince that aunt or uncle to sell the house to me. Kids demand all sorts of things and schools, since they are commercial enterprises, know that many parents will not spare a coin to make their children happy. Many will borrow and forego their own happiness. Because many can’t afford and fear to disappoint their children, they want the schools to stop the trips. That explains why parents were on social media putting pressure on schools to stop these trips. The trips are not inherently bad for those who can afford them. Most people in developing countries like Uganda dream of flying and it would expose some of the kids to working hard to afford life in the future or even build Uganda the way Dubai or Rome is built. But parents should not put themselves under unnecessary pressure because Junior has been besieging them for a trip to Dubai or Italy. They should sit down with their children and explain to them what is possible and what is not. In many cases, the children will understand that this is not possible. When my children ask for those unrealistic stuff like buying my friends or relatives homes or the fanciest car on the road or even Apple watches, I tell them the truth. All the times, they understand what is not possible and sooner than later, they will be demanding something else. That is how kids are wired. Although there is no blueprint on raising children, giving them whatever they ask for is setting them up to fail in the future. Schools can go ahead and organize these trips, after all they are not mandatory, but it is also the parents’ responsibility to manage their children’s expectations. The writer is a communication and visibility consultant. djjuuko@gmail.com

August 8, 2024

News

Kiira Motors Announces Uganda’s First e-Mobility Expo

PRESS STATEMENT Kiira Motors Announces Uganda’s First e-Mobility Expo 31st July 2024 – Kiira Motors Corporation (KMC) has today announced Uganda’s first e-Mobility Expo and Kiira Vehicle Plant (KVP Open House– which is taking place on Friday 16th August 2024 at the Kiira Vehicle Plant in Jinja from 12:00 pm to 10:00 pm. Held under the theme The Future is Green; The Future is Now, the first-of-its-kind event is designed to explore, showcase, and encourage the adoption of electric mobility solutions in Uganda. The Kiira Vehicle Open House and e-Mobility Expo 2024 will gather over 200 industry leaders, potential customer, suppliers, policymakers, investors, innovators, and the public to discuss Uganda’s readiness to adapt to the e-mobility revolution – all towards positioning the nation as a net source of e-mobility solutions in Africa. During a media roundtable held on the all-electric city bus the Kayoola EVS Model 2024, Mr. Paul Isaac Musasizi, the Chief Executive Officer of Kiira Motors Corporation, said, “This expo marks a significant milestone in Uganda’s journey towards embracing electric mobility which offers immense potential for reducing the nation’s carbon footprint and creating new economic opportunities while fostering innovation. We are proud to host this inaugural event and showcase the innovations that will shape the future of mobility in our country.” The expo will feature a series of fireside conversations drawing content experts in the fields of e-financing, carbon trading, energy and e-mobility infrastructure development, and more. Uganda in the recently concluded census recorded a population of 45.9 million people. Thanks to increased urbanisation, the mobility needs of this population have resulted in vehicular emissions which are the leading cause of Kampala’s increased air pollution readings from a dangerous annual averaging at 39.5 micrograms of pollutant matter in each cubic metre in 2019 increasing to 41 micrograms per cubic metre in 2024. This is eight times higher than the 5 micrograms per cubic meter that the World Health Organization defines as the safe limit for air pollution- negatively affecting the health and well-being of citizens epically in the urban centres making the case for e-mobility solutions which also serve to improve the national energy equation considering that with fossil fuels today we import both the energy ~ USD 2Bn annually and the vehicles ~ USD 730 M annually. Allan Muhumuza, the Team Leader of the Mobility Bureau in the Secretariat of Science and Technology in the Office of the President, said, “With a vision to see Uganda transition to e-mobility in public mass transport, motorcycles, and passenger vehicles, the Government is implementing the National e-Mobility Strategy – which looks to build an efficient and self-sustaining ecosystem. This event is a bold step towards further bringing together all the relevant players towards seeing this vision come to life to combat climate change and enhance the quality of life for our citizens.” The expo will draw exhibitors with a wide range of products and services including Innovex, Nexus Green, Green Hub, Karaa, KaCyber Securities Ltd., GoGo and many more. The Open House provides an opportunity to participants tour the state-of-the-art Kiira Vehicle Plant. The Kiira Vehicle Plant has an installed capacity of 2,500 vehicles per annum. This will be tooled up to 5,000 vehicles per annum in the medium term positioning Uganda as a net source of Mobility Solutions in Africa. ENDS

July 31, 2024

Out to Lunch

#OutToLunch: Let the demographic dividend not pass us by

By Denis Jjuuko The results of the national population census that were not overly surprising. Uganda is one of the countries with the fastest growing populations and we did not disappoint with 11.3 million added since the last census in 2014. We are now 45.9 million people. Phew! We are what some of my friends call “team no sleep” since we spend a great amount of our time producing babies. It is assumed babies are made at night when people frolic between the sheets instead of sleeping but that may not be the best way to start this article. We are a damn serious lot here! Anyway, one of the most interesting bits from the population census was the revelation that 55.6% of Uganda’s population is between ages 14 to 64. That translates to more than 25.5 million people. This is the age group that is defined as the working age. If harnessed appropriately, this demographic dividend that we have attained can lead to unprecedented economic growth. A demographic dividend leads to less resources spent on the elderly, those in retirement and even children. Those working should be able to take care of themselves and their offspring. Of course, this would require reduction in births so that investments are not put at entirely looking after children. However, it will take a while for us as a country to stop being “team no sleep.” Many people love to have several children or grandchildren. Sometimes it is because we are still an uneducated lot who believe that having more children is an insurance that protects a parent in case some of the children die. Since many children grow up by chance in Uganda, many parents would prefer to have more. If two or so die, they would not be childless, the argument goes. This means that Uganda would have to spend more money on education and health so that many people start seeing their children growing up and debunk their argument for having more kids. The more educated people are, the better chances of raising healthy kids. They will immunize them, make them sleep in mosquito nets, take them to healthy facilities when sick, and feed them better and most importantly educate them which eventually will break a cycle of poverty that most households find them in today. Also, like studies have shown, the more educated people are, the more likely to earn better. Investments in education are key in enabling people to earn better and live better lives. Many African countries have rolled out universal primary and even secondary education but the quality is low with many learners unable to read and write at the level commensurate with their level of education. Secondary education must be emphasized but also made relevant in this age of technology because this is the highest level many students in Africa attain. Digital and communication skills will be critical but also, they should leave secondary education such as O-level when they are able to do some work that can lead to sustainable employment. Integrating technical and vocational skills is important. If we massively invest in affordable high-quality education at all levels, investments will flow as businesses take advantage of our demographic dividend — a young highly trainable population. Most businesses such as factories rely on a workforce that is trainable to do repetitive work efficiently. They don’t even need to think, they need to simply add a part here and there on the assembly line or do the same thing repeatedly. Of course, there are many things that need to be in place to attract investments. Economic and political stability is crucial. And if we can’t find jobs for these 25.5 million people, there will not be political stability regardless of how many teargas canisters or pink water canons we import. If the tax revenue collection guys decide on whim how much one is to pay, it won’t make it easier for people to bring their money here either. If farmers in Masaka have to sleep in their gardens at night to protect their coffee from thieves, big coffee players will think twice before setting up their factories here. If a kick in Kampala sends you to your creator and the criminal knows police won’t find him, then people will take their money elsewhere. If Kampala remains run down as it is now, investors won’t be impressed to invest. Infrastructure is key. We can’t continuously avoid investments in the major road network in Kampala. Electricity must be available and affordable. Systems to facilitate businesses must be in place which means bureaucracy in government offices must be cut down. Civil servants should not behave as if they are doing investors local and foreign a favour. Otherwise, this demographic dividend may pass us by. The writer is a communication and visibility consultant. djjuuko@gmail.com

July 23, 2024